This directory contains alignments of the following assemblies:
- target/reference: Mouse (mm7, Aug. 2005, NCBI Build 35)
- query: Chicken (galGal2, Feb. 2004, Chicken Genome Sequencing Consortium Feb. 2004 release)
Files included in this directory:
- md5sum.txt: md5sum checksums for the files in this directory
- mm7.galGal2.all.chain.gz: chained blastz alignments. The chain format is
described in http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/chain.html .
- mm7.galGal2.net.gz: "net" file that describes rearrangements between
the species and the best Chicken match to any part of the
Mouse genome. The net format is described in
http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/net.html .
- axtNet/*.mm7.galGal2.net.axt.gz: chained and netted alignments,
i.e. the best chains in the Mouse genome, with gaps in the best
chains filled in by next-best chains where possible. The axt format is
described in http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/axt.html .
- mm7.galGal2.over.chain.gz: chained and netted alignments in chain format.
The mm7 and galGal2 assemblies were aligned by the blastz alignment
program, which is available from Webb Miller's lab at Penn State
University (http://www.bx.psu.edu/miller_lab/). Any mm7 sequences larger
than 10,010,000 bases were split into chunks of 10,010,000 bases overlapping
by 10,000 bases for alignment. A similar process was followed for galGal2,
with chunks of 200,000,000 overlapping by 0.) Following alignment, the
coordinates of the chunk alignments were corrected by the
blastz-normalizeLav script written by Scott Schwartz of Penn State.
Transposons that have been inserted since the Chicken/Mouse split were
removed from the assemblies before alignment using the fasta-subseq and
strip_rpts programs from Penn State. The abbreviated genomes were aligned
with blastz, and the transposons were then added back in (i.e. the
alignment coordinates were adjusted) using the restore_rpts program from
Penn State.
The blastz scoring matrix (Q parameter) used was:
A C G T
A 91 -90 -25 -100
C -90 100 -100 -25
G -25 -100 100 -90
T -100 -25 -90 91
with a gap open penalty of O=400 and a gap extension penalty of E=30.
The minimum score for an alignment to be kept was K=2200 for the first pass
and L=10000 for the second pass, which restricted the search space to the
regions between two alignments found in the first pass. The minimum
score for alignments to be interpolated between was H=2000. Other blastz
parameters specifically set for this species pair:
Y=3400
The .lav format blastz output was translated to the .psl format with
lavToPsl, then chained by the axtChain program.
Chain minimum score: 5000, and linearGap matrix of (loose):
tablesize 11
smallSize 111
position 1 2 3 11 111 2111 12111 32111 72111 152111 252111
qGap 325 360 400 450 600 1100 3600 7600 15600 31600 56600
tGap 325 360 400 450 600 1100 3600 7600 15600 31600 56600
bothGap 625 660 700 750 900 1400 4000 8000 16000 32000 57000
Chained alignments were processed into nets by the chainNet, netSyntenic,
and netClass programs. Best chains (.over.chain) were extracted from the
nets and the set of all chained alignments by the netChainSubset program.
Best-chain alignments in axt format were extracted by the netToAxt program.
All programs run after blastz were written by Jim Kent at UCSC.
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If you plan to download a large file or multiple files from this directory,
we recommend you use ftp rather than downloading the files via our website.
To do so, ftp to hgdownload.cse.ucsc.edu, then go to the directory
goldenPath/mm7/vsGalGal2/. To download multiple files, use the "mget"
command:
mget <filename1> <filename2> ...
- or -
mget -a (to download all files in the current directory)
All files in this directory are freely available for public use.
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References
Chiaromonte, F., Yap, V.B., and Miller, W. Scoring pairwise genomic
sequence alignments. Pac Symp Biocomput 2002, 115-26 (2002).
Kent, W.J., Baertsch, R., Hinrichs, A., Miller, W., and Haussler, D.
Evolution's cauldron: Duplication, deletion, and rearrangement in the
mouse and human genomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100(20), 11484-11489
(2003).
Schwartz, S., Kent, W.J., Smit, A., Zhang, Z., Baertsch, R., Hardison, R.,
Haussler, D., and Miller, W. Human-mouse alignments with BLASTZ</A>.
Genome Res. 13(1), 103-7 (2003).
Name Last modified Size Description
Parent Directory -
mm7.galGal2.all.chain.gz 2005-11-17 15:57 30M
mm7.galGal2.net.gz 2005-11-17 16:27 12M
md5sum.txt 2005-11-21 12:09 3.0K
axtNet/ 2005-11-21 12:09 -